ZAGREB, 8 July 2022 - On the occasion of National Nikola Tesla Day - the day of science, technology and innovation, observed on 10 July, President Zoran Milanović received scientists from the Ruđer Bošković Institute on Friday, who presented the results of research on the impact of microplastics in aquatic ecosystems.

Researchers from the Ruđer Bošković Institute (RBI), the Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of the University of Graz and a PhD student from the Institute of Physics in Zagreb presented their innovative research, the President's Office said in a press release.

The results obtained by studying the interactions of microplastic particles with calcium carbonate indicate that the exposure of microplastics to dissolved organic matter present in aquatic ecosystems enhances the incorporation of such modified microplastics into calcium carbonate, which is the main inorganic component of shells, corals and other aquatic organisms.

The Ruđer Bošković Institute researchers underscored that the longer plastic is present in water systems, the more dangerous it becomes, and from the primary form of plastic such as bags or plastic bottles, it is degraded by actions in nature into secondary microplastics, smaller particles that enter organisms.

The research, they said, was done as part of the project "Can we clean the oceans and seas from microplastic by using calcium carbonate encapsulation."

It was funded by the European Institute for Innovation and Technology, EIT Klima - KIC Alumni Program "Participatory Grantmaking" and a project by the Croatian Science Foundation.

The findings of the research were published, as stated, in the prestigious scientific journal Environmental Chemistry Letters.

April 11, 2021 - Four students from Split have designed a device for cleaning microplastics from the sea, which unlike other such devices is remote-controlled and can move around.

Antonija Buzov, Petra Kundid, Matej Radić and Andro Rudan have designed a system that can filter seawater and remove microplastics from it, and can be guided by remote control, which makes it better than other similar purifiers.

"The problem with microplastics is that it adsorbs heavy metals, so when you swallow microplastic particles from the sea, you are actually ingesting heavy metals, which could eventually lead to various cancers, bleeding and other diseases," said Petra Kundid, who is working on a doctorate in parasitology.

As microplastics are found on the surface and the very bottom of the sea, they originally envisioned a roller with holes, with the properties of a sponge, but as they did further research, they designed a semi-submerged box that filters and cleans the sea water that passes through it. They called the product "CBRO".

"We used cheap materials because this kind of product normally requires a lot of money, which is, I believe, why individuals do not dare to 'tackle' this problem," Andro Rudan while explaining their prototype.

"The propeller was printed on a 3D printer, the engine is from a drill and is powered by three batteries from laptops that are no longer used. The electronics and the device are connected to the Internet. We control the rudder and the engine speed via mobile phone," he said, adding that they intend to install sensors which would measure the amount of water that passes through the device in order to obtain numerical data which would later be easier to use in studies.

Plastic makes up 85% of waste on beaches around the world, and last year the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) said that over 200,000 tonnes of plastic leaks into the Mediterranean every year, with a sharp warning that by 2040 the amount will double unless significant measures are taken.

At a plenary session in late March, the European Parliament, in its resolution on marine litter, underscored the damage it caused to fisheries and called for urgent measures to reduce such waste, from further restricting the use of disposable plastics to promoting collection and recycling. The resolution also called for a stronger inclusion of the maritime aspect into the European Green Deal.

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