''Croats should be more concerned with the economy, and with the future too, rather than with topics that have failed to be solved over the past twenty years,'' stated Mladen Fogec.
As Ana Blaskovic/Poslovni Dnevnik writes on the 10th of March, 2019, you could enter the Olympics and break your own personal record in running, but if you're slower than the others, you'll still come last, this is the creative way in which Mladen Fogec, president of the Association of Foreign Investors in Croatia, described the country's huge problems with its current investment climate.
After a highly successful career in business, Fogec still believes that the biggest problem in Croatia is the mentality of the Croats: the tendency to moan and the reluctance to actually work to change anything.
Mladen Fogec talked about just how it has happened that even today, it still doesn't ''sit'' well with many Croats for investors to make a profit, and just why Uljanik is a notorious example of market economy rejection. Fogec spoke in an interview before the InvestCro investment conference, which is set to be held on March the 18th in Zagreb.
For years, you've been working on the white book of business climate recommendations, but you recently announced that you'll just stick a 2018 sticker on it?
It was a statement through which I wanted to reinforce an impression, but it didn't change the fact that there still weren't enough significant changes in the business environment to need to write a new book. Whoever needs it can get the 2017 issue, we'll just put a 2018 sticker on it.
The government is bragging about tax reductions, less barriers and faster procedures. Do you actually see that out in the field?
We do see it, but nothing is quick enough and it isn't to a great enough extent. If we look at Croatia alone, then yes, they're good moves. However, you could go to the Olympics and run faster than you've ever done before, but if your competition is progressing faster, then it's irrelevant that you've topped your personal record - you're still among the last. It's not a question of whether or not reforms work, the question is whether or not they're efficient. You have to look at the other side of the medal - the situation as it's seen by the entrepreneurs. We should be taking into account when changes are being made more. I believe that in life and politics, there is an important compromise in which sides need to come together, otherwise there will be no progress.
You said the problem is the mentality. Jako Andabak, let's say, says that it isn't uncommon in Dalmatia to have problems with permits for hotels because some local responsible for the permits is wanting to make sure that situation doesn't negatively affect his apartments...
I said the same thing a year ago on a radio show and that wasn't exactly welcomed with sympathies. I'm glad it was repeated by Mr. Andabak because he is Dalmatian and he's doing business there. Looking back at my 30-year career, I think it is a general problem in the state of mind of Croats. We're heavily burdened with the former system, with socialism, to be more specific. It's difficult to accept the market economy, it carries a lot of good but some bad stuff. We'd prefer to take everything that's good from the market economy and at the same time keep everything that's good from socialism as well. Unfortunately, such a utopia doesn't exist. The legacy of the old system is still very present, especially in the part of the state-owned economy, and that isn't small.
A good example is Uljanik, which is largely owned by its workers. They're actually striking against themselves, de facto. There are subsidies which exist in all countries, but if you take up to 30 billion kuna in the shipbuilding industry, each employer has given 23,000 kuna from his pocket, the question is whether [it's wise] to continue subsidising something that creates losses for years? Croatia should be more concerned with the economy, as well as with the future, rather than with topics that have failed to be solved over the past twenty years. I think we should invest in modern technology and industries related to digitisation and information technology, and not shipbuilding which has a very low level of added value.
What would trigger an investment wave?
I think it would help us to begin to change, especially our mentality. Croats like to complain a lot, to latch onto problems that are largely pushed by the media. Good news is just bad news, there's no optimism. One foreign ambassador who recently came to Croatia told me that people came to him with various issues and just complained, complained, and complained some more. It's impossible for everything to be so bad. Surveys from Doing Business or rating agency reports are based largely on perception, similar to the corruption index. The same applies to others, but in more developed countries, society fights for it to be a rule rather than an exception. It's the easiest thing in the world to be loud when being critical, we should turn to optimism in order for foreign investors to see that, too.
Have you noticed a change of attitude towards investors?
Unfortunately, I've got to say no. Indeed, and I have to repeat the words of one of our members saying that it isn't a question of whether foreign investors want to come and invest in Croatia, but whether Croatia actually wants foreign investors. It's still a big problem for us to accept a foreigner who comes here with capital, wants to buy land, build a production plant, and hire a workforce because inevitably we come to those [types of conclusions such as] "he will profit and make money on us." We haven't felt that it's normal and expected that someone who invests earns a profit, naturally, in a transparent manner and in accordance with the laws.
Should politics be focused on the growth of companies, and not on EU funds which only fund 20 percent of investments?
This is the core of the problem: to deter entrepreneurs from all hidden, parafiscal impositions. Their number has been reduced over the past ten years but they're so concentrated so instead of four, you have one, but the load is almost the same. This would have made a significant contribution to the growth of the economy. When things start going that way, someone always says that it's beneficial to large foreign capital. It doesn't matter whether the capital is domestic or foreign; If a company operates in Croatia and pays all of its taxes then it's a Croatian company and whoever actually owns it is of nobody's interest.
The owners of Volvo are Chinese and still we all think that Volvo is a Swedish car, not a Chinese one. That was also the case with the change in personal income tax when the criticism was about [the change] going hand in hand with those with higher wages, and not those who earn less. This is turning that thesis around. Those with low wages have so far not been included in the payment of income tax, nor will they be in the future. Those who have higher incomes and pay relatively more taxes will now pay less, but this isn't giving anything to them, they'll just have to pay less. Then we return to the beginning of the story of the traces of socialism because the wages must be viewed as gross, and tax is an individual category.
What do you say about Minister Horvat's plan to compile a list of the most desirable investors who will visit and have the benefits of investing in the Republic of Croatia presented to them?
There are countless potential investors, but I think this is a good move purely because of the reason that it's proactive. The government shouldn't sit around and wait for someone to come and knock at the door, but go to the investors and say: we're offering you this, that is, come to Croatia. I think that's a good idea.
Why is Croatia so far behind other countries, what is it that they're doing better?
It's because as a society, we're not changing, the capacity for change is not at a sufficient level. I'm not just thinking about the economy [when I say this], that's just a consequence. Recently, in the German-Croatian Chamber of Commerce, we had conversations with companies that had apostrophed (especially those who have production in Croatia) that they don't have enough qualified skilled labour, and that they need longer than a year to teach the students who have completed their secondary vocational education. We're returning to the beginning, back to education and the lack of a dual education system. These students should spend at least half of their education in practice so that they can start work immediately when they come to the real sector. We still have the problem of not changing anything in our curriculum. Now we're talking about history instead of turning to STEM areas, computing and digitisation, the things that are pulling society forward. If we had any chance for... let's say, the auto industry with a large factory to come to us, I'm not sure we'd have 5,000 skilled workers for it. We must start to change in all segments, from education onwards, which once again calls for much greater investment, research and development.
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Click here for the original article/interview in its entirety by Ana Blaskovic for Poslovni Dnevnik
